Why is it called a bull or bear market? (2024)

The term “bull market” refers to a stock market that has been rising; a “bear market” is one where prices have been falling. In both cases, the zoological terms tend to kick in when prices rise or fall by 20% or more. When it comes to individual investors,a “bull” expects stocks to rise, while a “bear” acts on the assumption they will fall.

How did all these animals get into finance?

The historical record is pretty clear: The bear came before the bull. Most evidence suggests it originated with a proverb that cautions against the temptation to “sell the bear’s skin before one has caught the bear” (sort of like counting your chickens before they hatch, but with a lot more gore).

By the 18th century, the phrase “bear-skin jobber” had become a pejorative for sellers, especially the disreputable ones who actively bet that prices will fall. “Thus every dissembler, every false friend, every secret cheat, every bear-skin jobber, has a cloven foot,” Daniel Defoe wrote in 1726. The term was popularized during the one of the world’s first huge market crashes, the South Sea Bubble of 1720.

There’s less historical evidence for the rise of the term “bull,” but it seems to have been chosen for its symbolic opposition to the bear.

Some people say the terms refer to the ways the animals attack their prey: Bears swipe downward with their paws while bulls thrust upwards with their horns. Poetic, but there’s no real evidence that the metaphor had anything to do with the terms’ original use in a markets context. An entirely different theory, which discounts the whole bear-skin jobber business, says the terms come from the early London stock exchange, when traders would fill a bulletin board with “bulls” (that is, bulletins) during times of volatile trading, while in slow markets the board would be bare.

Though the terminology’s origins are murky, there is one reason these two animalslived side by side in the popular imagination just as they were gaining prominence as market terms: the barbaric British pastime of watching a team of dogs fight a wild animal.Going back to medieval times, but especially in the 16th and 17th centuries, people thought it was excellent sport to chain a bear in a pit and then unleash dogs on it, until either several dogs were killed or the bear was mauled into submission (not death, though; bears were expensive to import). Dogs were also made to fight rats, badgers, roosters, and cruelly creative configurations like apes tied to ponies. But next to bears, bulls were particularly popular, favored for the moments of dramawhen they tossed dogs into the air with their horns.

Why is it called a bull or bear market? (2024)

FAQs

Why is it called a bull or bear market? ›

However, the terms could come from how these animals attack: a bull thrusts its horns upward, symbolizing rising prices, while a bear swipes its paws downward, representing falling prices. Thus, a bull market is for a period of rising prices, and a “bear market” is for when prices are declining.

Why is it called a bull and bear market? ›

In the jargon of stock-market traders, a bull is someone who buys securities or commodities in the expectation of a price rise, or someone whose actions make such a price rise happen. A bear is the opposite—someone who sells securities or commodities in expectation of a price decline.

What defines a bull vs bear market? ›

A bull market occurs when securities are on the rise, while a bear market occurs when securities fall for a sustained period of time.

What is the difference between a bull market and a bear market quizlet? ›

A bear market is a term used when the prices of stocks are falling and selling off of stock is encouraged.//3. A bull market is a term used when the prices of stocks are rising.

Is it a bull or bear market now? ›

The current bull market started in October 2022, when the S&P 500 reached its most recent low. Since then, the index has swelled about 35 percent.

How to define a bull market? ›

A time when stock prices are rising and market sentiment is optimistic. Generally, a bull market occurs when there is a rise of 20% or more in a broad market index over at least a two-month period.

Why is the market bullish? ›

What Causes Bull Markets. Bull markets generally take place when the economy is strengthening or when it is already strong. They tend to happen in line with strong gross domestic product (GDP) and a drop in unemployment and will often coincide with a rise in corporate profits.

Are we in a bull or bear market in 2024? ›

Economic growth actually accelerated above its 10-year average in 2023. That resilience, coupled with a fascination about artificial intelligence (AI), changed investors' collective mood. The S&P 500 soared throughout the year and finally reached a new high in January 2024, making the new bull market official.

Is it smarter to buy stock during a bull or bear market Why? ›

Is it better to invest in a bull market or a bear market? In general, bull markets are a better time to invest. Yes, stock prices are higher, but it's an overall less risky time to invest. You'll have a greater chance of selling assets for a higher value than when you bought them.

What percentage of Americans have no money in the stock market? ›

According to a recent GOBankingRates survey, almost half of the survey's participants reported not owning any stocks, with 22% having less than $15,000 in total stock investments.

What is a bad stock to invest in? ›

SolarEdge, Plug Power, Moderna, and Pfizer are among the year's biggest losing stocks.

How do you tell if we are in a bear or bull market? ›

A bear market is a 20% downturn in stock market indexes from recent highs. A bull market occurs when stock market indexes are rising, eventually hitting new highs. Historically, bull markets tend to last longer than bear markets. Bear and bull markets can affect investor confidence and behavior.

What are the best growth stocks right now? ›

Some key points
StockAnnual revenue growth (past five years)Estimated annual EPS growth (next five years)
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings (NCLH)120.20%48.20%
Royal Caribbean Cruises (RCL)87.80%27.50%
Nvidia (NVDA)46.70%37.90%
Uber Technologies (UBER)31.50%47.00%
1 more row
May 17, 2024

Should I pull my money out of the stock market? ›

Unlike the rapidly dwindling balance in your brokerage account, cash will still be in your pocket or in your bank account in the morning. However, while moving to cash might feel good mentally and help you avoid short-term stock market volatility, it is unlikely to be a wise move over the long term.

At what age should you get out of the stock market? ›

There are no set ages to get into or to get out of the stock market. While older clients may want to reduce their investing risk as they age, this doesn't necessarily mean they should be totally out of the stock market.

Is it dumb to invest in stocks right now? ›

With the right strategy, there's never necessarily a bad time to invest in the stock market. Regardless of whether prices surge or dip in the coming months, by investing in quality stocks and staying in the market for the long haul, you can maximize your earnings while minimizing risk.

What is the origin of the idiom a bull market? ›

The use of “bull” and “bear” to label financial markets has several different possible origins. However, the terms could come from how these animals attack: a bull thrusts its horns upward, symbolizing rising prices, while a bear swipes its paws downward, representing falling prices.

Are the Chicago Bulls and Bears named after the stock market? ›

Is there any connection between the names of the basketball (Bulls) and football (Bears) teams, the stock market, and the University in Chicago? Not really. The Bulls didn't even exist in the NBA until the mid-1960s. The Bears became the Bears in the early 1920s.

What does bear market stand for? ›

A bear market is a fundamentally driven market decline of 20% or more. A bear market often coincides with a weakening economy, massive liquidation of securities, and widespread investor fear and pessimism. As you've probably figured out, a bear market is quite different from a bull market.

What does the term bullish mean? ›

1. : suggestive of a bull (as in brawniness) 2. a. : marked by, tending to cause, or hopeful of rising prices (as in a stock market)

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